The charge and discharge process of the energy storage battery will generate a lot of heat, and the battery itself is an extremely sensitive component to temperature, maintaining a stable and moderate working temperature will play a vital role in improving the efficiency of the battery, extending the battery life, and preventing thermal runaway, so the temperature control system of the storage is indispensable.

　　Energy storage liquid cooling temperature control technology

　　"Liquid cooling" refers to the form of cooling heat transfer between the heating end and the evaporating side of the unit with cold liquid as the carrier, and the water side medium generally uses glycol solution; The condensing side also has two forms of air cooling and water cooling, with air cooling forced convection heat transfer as the main form.

　　As an emerging energy storage temperature control solution, liquid cooling rapidly occupies the market with its high fit advantage with cell cooling. The main application advantages of temperature control and heat dissipation of liquid cooling units are as follows:

　　1. Fast temperature control, accurate temperature control: liquid cooling temperature control response is fast, high precision, through frequency conversion, rectification and other ways to supply water to the battery side, automatic control of water temperature, the highest accuracy of ±0.5℃, and in the load power, environmental temperature and other key conditions can be quickly adjusted to achieve stable liquid supply temperature.

　　2. Efficient heat exchange, small demand space: The evaporation side of the liquid cooling is a water-fluorine heat exchanger (generally using a plate or shell heat exchanger), which has high heat exchange efficiency and high ceiling, and the heat exchange volume of the fin can be doubled compared with that of the air-cooled fin under the same capacity, which greatly saves the space and floor area of the unit, and then effectively improves the energy density in the battery container and expands the energy storage application scenario.

　　3. Effectively reduce the temperature difference of the battery cell and promote the uniform temperature of the battery: the liquid cold plate flow channel and pipeline design freedom is high, and the flow can be reasonably distributed according to demand; At the same time, due to the large specific heat capacity of the carrier coolant, the water temperature difference between the front end of PACK and the end is small (generally within 3 ° C), so that the overall temperature difference at the battery end is controlled at about 5 ° C, effectively improving the heterogeneity level of the battery profile, improving the battery energy utilization rate and extending the life.

　　4. Adapt to complex scenarios: Traditional air cooling is strongly affected by the air duct, which has high requirements for the internal structure design of the battery box and is susceptible to interference. The liquid cooling waterway has free design and diverse forms, which can adapt to various complex application scenarios and structural forms, and has better support for the continuous enrichment of energy storage forms.

　　However, the current development of liquid cooling technology is not fully sufficient, and there are still some industry pain points to be solved:

　　1. There is a possibility of leakage, and there is a need for rehydration: at present, it is difficult to ensure that there is no leakage, and there is a risk of leakage. For this reason, the unit equipment had to be added

　　Move the water refill device, increase the leakage monitoring measures, improve the waterproof level of components, and consider the problem of leakage and drainage. Large energy storage projects are often located in remote areas, few people, manual rehydration is extremely inconvenient, and leakage may also have a serious impact on the battery cell and its control system, so it is necessary to reduce or even avoid leakage as much as possible, reduce the frequency of rehydration.

　　2. Common pipeline types have disadvantages: stainless steel pipelines have high cost, high processing and assembly requirements, tolerance is difficult to control, and maintenance is relatively difficult; Although the cost of plastic pipeline is low, its service life is short, easy to damage, and its reliability still needs to be improved; Copper pipe Louis cause dirty and blocked water quality, affect heat transfer, and are difficult to meet the needs of long-term stability of energy storage and avoid manual interference as far as possible. At present, there is no liquid cooling pipeline material that can perfectly solve the needs of energy storage temperature control.

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